Stelara (ustekinumab)

The monoclonal antibody drug that I have chosen to discuss is Stelara (ustekinumab). A monoclonal antibody is an antibody manufactured in a lab from a specific human antibody-producing cell. Stelara treats Crohn’s disease by targeting elevated levels of IL-12 and IL-23 that causes inflammation in the GI tract. The drug prevents these interleukins from binding to T-lymphocytes. Because we understand the causes of Crohn’s disease, it is amazing that it is possible to target on such a microscopic level the cause of disease. With more normal levels of these specific cytokines, it would surely be a relief for Crohn’s patients to experience reduced symptoms.

However, there are side effects associated with taking this drug. Some of these side effects include nasal congestion, sore throat, runny nose, upper respiratory tract infections, fever, headache, tiredness, itching, nausea and vomiting, redness at the injection site, vaginal yeast infections, urinary tract infections, sinus infection, bronchitis, diarrhea, stomach pain, and joint pain. I believe that there is still great benefit to taking the drug despite the risk, but of course one should always consult their doctor. Unfortunately, the drug has also been described as increasing the possibility of other infections like tuberculosis, cancers, or other bacterial, fungal, or viral infections due to its weakening of the immune system. Based on what we have learned in class, I can probably conclude that this is due to T-lymphocytes being inhibited from the drug.

Because this drug involves T-lymphocytes, the innate immune response is both being positively and negatively impacted. On one hand, the monoclonal antibody brings balance back to an immune system that was producing too much interleukins. On the other hand, the innate immune response must be inhibited in order to do so. In my opinion, a healthy individual should just be more wary of contracting illness when they take the medication. otherwise, this monoclonal antibody drug can help them lead a more normal life!